China Telecom 2000

Market Studies

2003 Broadband Markets

Release: 2003

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2003 BROADBAND MARKET :


Annual report on access technologies: highspeed Internet, cable modems, Fibre-to-the-home (FTTH), xDSL, LMDS, broadband wireless, 802.11 (WiFi), KA-band satellites. Report also contains: Technology information, Global overview, Trends and Developments, Business Strategies, User statistics, Revenues and forecasts, Industry policies, Regulatory; research and marketing issues.


Overview:


Whereas the Internet opened up the opportunity for a vast increase in communication and the ready availability of information, education, e-commerce and entertainment, its further development is being hampered by the slowness of the existing infrastructure networks. The huge demand for increased speed has lead to the development of broadband technologies.

Although there is this huge and growing demand for broadband, it is slow in being met. This is predominantly due the resistance by the incumbent telcos that want to maximise the life of their existing networks, and to the lack of suitable marketing models and content. Most national governments have been unable to influence the incumbent telcos to speed up their activities. Korea and Japan are notable exceptions to this, and their development of broadband leads the world.

Over the past years, incumbent telcos have been moving into the services and content areas, with their totally different marketing and management needs. This has slowed up the broadband process even further. There is a gradual move by governments around the world to separate the national carriers’ high-technology activity of providing infrastructure from the high-marketing activities of providing content and services.

Due to the slowness of the incumbents to provide suitable broadband infrastructure, it is interesting to see the efforts of some cities and large communities to provide their own infrastructures. This is allowing them to develop new local applications such as health care, job creation, export etc.

With the gradual relaxation by the telcos, the constantly falling prices, the advent of new applications and the adoption of new marketing approaches, the availability of broadband is poised to expand quickly.

Cable was the first successful platform to provide broadband services, but required the laying of entirely new networks. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) technologies require only modifications to existing networks, are therefore cheaper to implement, and are overtaking Cable. Other delivery platforms such as Ka band satellite, Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH), broadband wireless, wireless Local Area Networks (LAN) etc are being developed and will assist in the eventual total availability of broadband.

The Report provides overviews of these developments and analyses of many of these trends and developments, allowing organisations to pursue those business opportunities that add to their bottom line, rather than chasing industry and technology hype. A range of statistics provides essential data for the development of business strategies and business plans.


Table 3 – Internet population by region

Country Internet HH penetration
Korea 85%
Taiwan 80%
Hong Kong 70%
Belgium, Singapore 40%
Denmark, Canada 35%
Netherlands, USA, Switzerland, Sweden, Austria, Japan 20-25%
Spain, Germany, Finland, UK 10-15%
Australia 7%
New Zealand 4%

(Source: Paul Budde Communication, International Broadband Market)

Table of Contents

1. BROADBAND MARKET ANALYSIS – 2003 
1.1 Executive summary 
1.1.1 Broadband vision 
1.1.2 An overview 
1.1.3 Overview and analysis – markets 
1.1.4 Market analysis by Paul Budde 
1.1.5 Global policies 
1.1.6 Broadbanding local communities 
1.1.7 Services 
1.1.8 Content networks 
1.1.9 Multimedia 
1.1.10 Access technologies 
1.1.11 xDSL 
1.1.12 Cable telephony and cable modems 
1.1.13 Ethernets and FTTH 
1.1.14 Wireless broadband 
1.1.15 Ka Band 
1.1.16 Infrastructure 
1.1.17 Industry developments 
2. BROADBAND – A VISION FOR NATIONAL POLICIES 
2.1 Introduction 
2.2 Visionary approach is needed 
2.3 Significant economic and social benefits 
2.4 National models 
2.5 The roles of the players 
2.5.1 Vision and cooperation pays off 
2.5.2 Governments 
2.5.3 The industry 
2.5.4 National telecoms operators 
2.6 Rural and regional users 
2.7 How to get there? 
2.7.1 Step 1 (always-on, affordable high-speed Internet access) 
2.7.2 Step 2 (content-rich applications) 
2.8 Broadband – a concept not a technology 
2.8.1 The broadband experience 
2.8.2 Broadband will move up to 50Mb/s 
2.8.3 Infrastructure competition and infrastructure sharing 
2.9 The costs of developing broadband 
2.10 National Broadband Agendas 
2.11 Broadband targets 
2.12 Broadband campaign 
3. AN OVERVIEW 
3.1 Definitions 
3.2 Thirty years in the making 
3.2.1 Early developments dating back to 1970s and 1980s 
3.2.2 The 1994 debacles 
3.2.3 Government initiatives during the 1990s 
3.2.4 Internet: missing link in the information highway 
3.2.5 Global - Broadbanding Local Communities 
3.3 Broadband – glimpses of the next stage 
3.4 Policies and principles 
3.5 Broadband services 
3.5.1 Evolution not revolution 
3.5.2 Broadband uncertainties 
4. TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS - MARKETS 
4.1 Introduction 
4.2 Services are following high-speed access – 2003 
4.2.1 VOD is growing 
4.3 Prelude to massive growth – 2002 
4.3.1 High speed outpaces dial up 
4.3.2 Start of the early boom 
4.3.3 Statistical overview from the OECD 
4.4 Residential market 
4.4.1 Internet households – the early adopters 
4.4.2 User statistics 
4.4.3 Strategy Analytics forecast – 2003 
4.5 Business market 
4.6 Market and revenues forecasts 
4.6.1 Yankee Group 
4.6.2 MRG: 80 million world broadband users by 2004 
4.6.3 ARC Group 
4.6.4 eMarketer 
4.6.5 US forecasts 
4.6.6 Ovum forecast 
4.6.7 Reviewing a 1996 Datamonitor Forecast in 2002 
4.7 Market trends 
4.7.1 Another look at ‘always-on high-speed’ 
4.7.2 What broadband users want 
4.7.3 Broadband users want more services 
4.7.4 Summary 
4.8 Broadband usage and attitudes study 
5. MARKET ANALYSIS BY PAUL BUDDE 
5.1 Broadband x Data Centre predictions are coming true 
5.2 Market issues 
5.2.1 The long wait for broadband 
5.2.2 Over-promised and under-delivered forecasts 
5.2.3 The price has to be right 
5.2.4 User demand or industry prescription 
5.2.5 And the leaders are…. 
5.2.6 Critical mass by 2003/2004 
5.3 Users in the driver’s seat 
5.3.1 Customers first want lower access prices 
5.3.2 Customers not operators indicate what is value-added 
5.3.3 Permission based marketing 
5.4 Broadband infrastructure 
5.4.1 From information highway to information superhighway 
5.4.2 Urgent need for open networks 
6. GLOBAL POLICIES 
6.1 Introduction 
6.2 The deteriorated state of affairs by 2002 
6.2.1 Less competition 
6.2.2 The stranglehold of vertical integrated telcos 
6.2.3 Are disasters needed before we see changes? 
6.2.4 3G problems 
6.2.5 Regulators will need to lift their game 
6.2.6 Structural separation under discussion 
6.3 Economic policy principles 
6.4 Global Information Infrastructure Commission 
6.5 Towards a Global Information Society (OECD) 
7. BROADBANDING LOCAL COMMUNITIES 
7.1 Framework for local government policies 
7.2 Cities are taking charge 
7.3 Visionary approach is needed 
7.4 Significant economic and social benefits 
7.5 The Local Council model 
7.6 The roles of the players 
7.6.1 Vision and cooperation pays off 
7.6.2 Local Government 
7.6.3 The industry 
7.6.4 Broadband operators 
7.7 Outlying areas 
7.7.1 Economic non-viable areas 
7.7.2 Local governments need to be involved 
7.7.3 Councillors and bureaucrats need to be connected first 
7.7.4 Pre-empt political action 
7.7.5 Subsidies? 
7.7.6 Cooperation with operators 
7.8 How to get there? 
7.8.1 Step 1 (always-on, affordable high-speed Internet access) 
7.8.2 Step 2 (content-rich applications) 
7.9 Broadband – a concept not a technology 
7.9.1 The broadband experience 
7.9.2 Broadband will move up to 50Mb/s 
7.10 A city broadband agenda 
7.11 Broadband campaign 
7.12 City marketing 
7.12.1 The concept of Telematica 
7.12.2 Three strategic elements of telematica 
7.12.3 City systems centre 
7.12.4 High-speed communities 
7.13 Examples of tele-cities 
8. BROADBAND SERVICES 
8.1 Convergence creates new demand for services 
8.2 Services and content – key to success 
8.3 Killer applications 
8.4 Videophones for the blind! 
8.5 Hollywood-on-demand 
8.5.1 Twenty years in the making 
8.5.2 Important killer-app. 
8.5.3 DVD pirates triggered the studios 
8.5.4 Movielink 
8.6 Probing for demand 
8.6.1 TV vs PC 
8.6.2 PC still the main device 
8.6.3 Next frontier – Video on Demand 
8.7 Unmet demand 
8.8 The 12 Principles of Killer App Design 
9. CONTENT NETWORKS 
9.1 Failing to see the tsunami coming 
9.2 Market statistics 
9.2.1 Content networking 
9.2.2 Content and document management services market 
9.3 Entry strategy is high-speed Internet 
9.4 Content enterprise networks 
9.5 The broadband Internet grid 
9.6 Most incumbents have already lost the race 
9.7 Intelligent content storage, routing and distribution 
9.8 Business models for those who want to see them 
9.9 Open networks with permission-based models 
9.10 Looking for the wrong content 
10. MULTIMEDIA 
10.1 Introduction 
10.2 Multimedia over networks 
10.2.1 From VOD to ADSL and Internet and VoD 
10.2.2 Business market applications 
10.2.3 Multimedia access systems 
10.2.4 Multimedia networking 
10.3 Optical discs 
10.3.1 CD-ROM – interactive TV on the PC 
10.3.2 From CD-I to DVD 
10.3.3 High Density Digital Video Disc (DVD) 
10.3.4 Potential for DVD 
10.3.5 DVD growth forecasts 
10.3.6 DVD consoles 
10.4 Digital video recorders 
10.5 The future of optical drives 
11. INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS 
11.1 Convergence - IP applications 
11.1.1 Technology forecast: 2002-2004 
11.1.2 Converging networks 
11.1.3 IP=IT 
11.1.4 IP - enhanced services 
11.1.5 Deploy IP or else … 
11.2 Converging industries 
11.2.1 From telecommunications to applications networks 
11.2.2 Telcos and Cable TV operators 
11.2.3 Broadcasters and the Internet 
11.2.4 IT - key to the telecommunications industry 
11.2.5 The brave new e-world 
11.3 Industry structure 
11.3.1 Industry re-alignment 
11.3.2 Industry focus: marketing 
11.3.3 Technology tools: Internet and ISDN 
11.3.4 National broadband structure 
11.4 Industry consortia 
11.4.1 Introduction 
11.4.2 Broadband Forum 
11.4.3 Digital Audio Visual Council – DAVIC (Historic) 
11.4.4 Digital Audio/Video Interactive Decoder – DAVID 
11.4.5 DVB – DAVIC 
11.4.6 European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) 
11.4.7 IMTC 
11.4.8 International Standards Organisation (ISO) 
11.4.9 Internet Telecommunications Protocol Initiative (TIPIA) 
11.4.10 MCCOI (historic) 
11.4.11 Multimedia Home Platform (DVB initiative) 
11.4.12 Multimedia Services Affiliate Forum (MSAF) (Historic) 
11.4.13 TeleManagement Forum 
11.4.14 TINA-C (Historic) 
11.4.15 TV Anywhere 
11.5 Analysis of the multi-utility market 
11.5.1 The need to expand beyond electricity 
11.5.2 Various business models 
11.5.3 Costing and timeframes 
11.5.4 Multi-services companies 
11.5.5 Utilities important factor in facilities-based telecoms competition 
11.5.6 UtiliTel national infrastructure cooperation 
11.5.7 Start with existing network 
11.5.8 Broadbanding of local communities 
11.5.9 Conclusions 
12. BROADBAND INFRASTRUCTURE 
12.1 Industry trends 
12.1.1 From narrowband to broadband Internet 
12.1.2 Interactive multimedia 
12.1.3 Push from telecommunications market 
12.2 Industry focus: marketing 
12.2.1 Money is in the residential market 
12.2.2 Price elasticity is well above one 
12.3 Network trends 
12.3.1 Insatiable need for bandwidth 
12.3.2 Bandwidth top priority for businesses 
12.3.3 Bandwidth trading 
12.3.4 Fixed will be wireless, wireless will be fixed 
12.4 Fibre-to-the-Home is beginning 
12.5 Voice over Broadband (VOBB) 
13. INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS 
13.1 Convergence - IP applications 
13.1.1 Technology forecast: 2002-2004 
13.1.2 Converging networks 
13.1.3 IP=IT 
13.1.4 IP - enhanced services 
13.1.5 Deploy IP or else … 
13.2 Converging industries 
13.2.1 From telecommunications to applications networks 
13.2.2 Telcos and Cable TV operators 
13.2.3 Broadcasters and the Internet 
13.2.4 IT – key to the telecommunications industry 
13.2.5 The brave new e-world 
13.3 Industry structure 
13.3.1 Industry re-alignment 
13.3.2 Industry focus: marketing 
13.3.3 Technology tools: Internet and ISDN 
13.3.4 National broadband structure 
13.4 Industry consortia 
13.4.1 Introduction 
13.4.2 Broadband Forum 
13.4.3 Digital Audio Visual Council – DAVIC (Historic) 
13.4.4 Digital Audio/Video Interactive Decoder – DAVID 
13.4.5 DVB – DAVIC 
13.4.6 European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) 
13.4.7 IMTC 
13.4.8 International Standards Organisation (ISO) 
13.4.9 Internet Telecommunications Protocol Initiative (TIPIA) 
13.4.10 MCCOI (historic) 
13.4.11 Multimedia Home Platform (DVB initiative) 
13.4.12 Multimedia Services Affiliate Forum (MSAF) (Historic) 
13.4.13 TeleManagement Forum 
13.4.14 TINA-C (Historic) 
13.4.15 TV Anywhere 
13.5 Analysis of the multi-utility market 
13.5.1 The need to expand beyond electricity 
13.5.2 Various business models 
13.5.3 Costing and timeframes 
13.5.4 Multi-services companies 
13.5.5 Utilities important factor in facilities-based telecoms competition 
13.5.6 UtiliTel national infrastructure cooperation 
13.5.7 Start with existing network 
13.5.8 Broadbanding of local communities 
13.5.9 Conclusions 
14. ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES 
14.1 From Internet to Information Highway 
14.2 Different access strategies 
14.2.1 Cable TV companies 
14.2.2 The telcos 
14.2.3 Multi-service utilities 
14.3 Overview of major access technologies 
14.4 Alternative access providers 
15. xDSL 
15.1 Technology 
15.1.1 Common characteristics of xDSL 
15.1.2 ADSL 
15.1.3 xDSL technology and terminology 
15.1.4 VDSL 
15.1.5 VODSL – Voice over DSL 
15.1.6 Standards 
15.2 Marketing xDSL 
15.2.1 Conquering the world 
15.2.2 The growth of DSL 
15.2.3 DSL market statistics 
15.2.4 VDSL 
15.2.5 Competition in the local loop 
15.2.6 Technical and marketing issues 
15.2.7 Forecasts and statistics 
16. CABLE TELEPHONY AND CABLE MODEMS 
16.1.1 Cable telephony 
16.1.2 Cable modems 
16.1.3 Cable modems vs xDSL 
17. ETHERNET AND FTTH 
17.1 Optical communications 
17.2 Future infrastructure – strategic analysis 
17.2.1 Future scenario planning 
17.2.2 From telecommunications to information highway 
17.2.3 Converging networks 
17.2.4 The telecommunications market in ten years’ time 
17.3 Fibre-based access 
17.3.1 Back on the agenda by 2005 
17.3.2 Early trials 
17.3.3 Massive changes in network management 
17.3.4 Migration patterns 
17.3.5 Full Service Access Network initiative (historical) 
17.4 LAN Ethernet 
17.5 Optical Ethernet networks 
17.5.1 Alternatives to DSL and HFC networks 
17.5.2 Technologies 
17.5.3 The realities of Ethernet 
17.6 ITU sets global standard for metro networks 
17.7 Metro Ethernets in the Asia Pacific 
17.7.1 Market overview 
17.7.2 Australia 
17.7.3 China 
17.7.4 Hong Kong 
17.7.5 Korea 
17.8 Blown Fibre 
17.8.1 Introduction 
17.8.2 System overview 
17.8.3 Key components 
17.8.4 Applications 
18. WIRELESS BROADBAND 
18.1 Technologies 
18.1.1 Introduction 
18.1.2 Mobile-based technologies 
18.1.3 Fixed wireless technologies 
18.1.4 Local Multipoint Distribution Services (LMDS) 
18.1.5 Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System (MMDS) 
18.1.6 Industry boost for MMDS and LMDS 
18.1.7 Digital TV 
18.2 WLANs, 802.11, Wi-Fi 
18.2.1 Wireless LANs 
18.2.2 Analysis 
18.2.3 Road warriors (Analysis) 
18.2.4 Market forecasts 
18.2.5 WLAN technology 
18.2.6 Spread spectrum 
19. SATELLITE-BASED BROADBAND (KA-BAND) 
19.1 Preparing for a global data network 
19.2 What is Ka-Band 
19.2.1 C-band 
19.2.2 Ku-band 
19.2.3 Ka-Band 
19.3 Market issues 
19.3.1 Marketing is key to success 
19.3.2 Business applications will drive the market 
19.4 Internet-in-the-sky 
19.4.1 Introduction 
19.4.2 Internet opportunities for ISPs 
19.4.3 Some of the first services 
19.4.4 Internet pitfalls 
19.4.5 Market forecast 
19.5 Network issues 
19.5.1 Technical developments 
19.5.2 Alternative network solutions 
19.6 Industry issues 
19.7 Market forecasts 
19.7.1 Overall revenue 
19.7.2 Applications 
19.7.3 Residential markets 
19.7.4 Business market 
19.8 Ka-Band players and projects 
19.8.1 What is Ka-Band 
19.8.2 Major players 
20. GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS 
Exhibit 1 - Key points broadband 
Exhibit 2 – Information highway in 1858 
Exhibit 3 – Superhighway principles 
Exhibit 4 – Evolutionary developments 
Exhibit 5 – Key starting-points for local broadbanding 
Exhibit 6 – Key broadbanding steps 
Exhibit 7 – Some application bit rates 
Exhibit 8 – From Kilobit to Yottabit 
Exhibit 9 – Information highway offerings 
Exhibit 10 - The issue will be network capacity 
Exhibit 11 – Some application bit rates 
Exhibit 12 – Multimedia developments 
Exhibit 13 – IP based enhanced services 
Exhibit 14 – Vision of the future – 2000 to 2025 
Exhibit 15 – Communities, not telcos, should take the lead 
Exhibit 16 – Broadband infrastructure drivers 
Exhibit 17 – DAVIC (Digital Audio/Visual Industry Committee/Council) 
Exhibit 18 – DVB – DAVIC members, March 2001 
Exhibit 19 - Key technical areas being addressed by ETSI in 2002 
Exhibit 20 – IMTC’s mission 
Exhibit 21 – MSAF members 1999 
Exhibit 22 – TINA-C 
Exhibit 23 – Listed energy information/energy management services 
Exhibit 24 - Business models 
Exhibit 25 – Telco technologies for utilities 
Exhibit 26 – Selection of utilities pursuing telecommunications 
Exhibit 27 – Three classes of utilities/carriers 
Exhibit 28 – E-services will improve our lifestyle 
Exhibit 29 – IP based enhanced services 
Exhibit 30 – Vision of the future – 2000 to 2025 
Exhibit 31 – Communities, not telcos, should take the lead 
Exhibit 32 – Broadband infrastructure drivers 
Exhibit 33 – DAVIC (Digital Audio/Visual Industry Committee/Council) 
Exhibit 34 – DVB – DAVIC members, March 2001 
Exhibit 35 - Key technical areas addressed by ETSI in 2002 
Exhibit 36 – IMTC’s mission 
Exhibit 37 – MSAF members 1999 
Exhibit 38 – TINA-C 
Exhibit 39 – Listed energy information/energy management services 
Exhibit 40 - Business models 
Exhibit 41 – Telco technologies for utilities 
Exhibit 42 – Selection of utilities pursuing telecommunications 
Exhibit 43 – Three classes of utilities/carriers 
Exhibit 44 – Key elements of the information highway infrastructure 
Exhibit 45 – Key information highway techniques 
Exhibit 46 – Strengths and weaknesses of existing networks with respect to the global information infrastructure 
Exhibit 47 – Some application bit rates 
Exhibit 48 – Overview of physical distribution networks for high-speed services 
Exhibit 49 – Comparison of access platforms’ advantages and disadvantages 
Exhibit 50 – SDSL and ADSL compared 
Exhibit 51 – xDSL Technology and Terminology 
Exhibit 52 – Comparison of ADSL and HFC systems 
Exhibit 53 – The Universal ADSL Working Group (UAWG) – 2000 
Exhibit 54 – 3DSL and PoDSL 
Exhibit 55 - VDSL technology 
Exhibit 56 – Overview of major cable modem operators and projects outside USA 
Exhibit 57 – Will ADSL be fast enough? 
Exhibit 58 – Traditional networks vs Optical Fibre Networks 
Exhibit 59 – Comparison of access platforms’ advantages and disadvantages 
Exhibit 60 – LMDS countries – 2001 
Exhibit 61 - Medium Speed WLANs (transmission rates in the range of 256kb/s to 2Mb/s) 
Exhibit 62 - Higher Speed WLAN (transmission rates greater than 10Mb/s) 
Exhibit 63 – Radiata’s wireless engine 
Exhibit 64 – About spread-spectrum wireless communications 
Exhibit 65 – 802.11a and b 
Exhibit 66 – Wi-Fi certification 
Exhibit 67 – Frequency spectrum allocation for common commercial US SATCOM bands 
Exhibit 68 – Satellite-based ISPs 

Table 1 – Broadband subscribers by country – 2002 
Table 2 – Broadband access amongst Internet households – 2001 
Table 3 – US broadband households forecast – 2002-2008 
Table 4 – Residential European broadband penetration – 2002 
Table 5 – US residential and SME broadband lines – 2001-2002 
Table 6 – Broadband households in the US – 2000-2004 
Table 7 – Interactive revenues by country – 1996-2001 
Table 8 – Service providers’ revenues received from interactive TV subscribers and services – 1995; 1998; 2001; 2004 
Table 9 – 1996 revenue estimates of number of interactive video services in Europe – 1994-2005 
Table 10 – Take up time to reach 10 million customers in mass market 
Table 11 – Broadband access amongst Internet households – 2003 
Table 12 – Market share film output 
Table 13 – Killer applications revenues – 2005 
Table 14 – Enhanced Services – what US broadband users are interested in 
Table 15 – US broadband users willing to pay* for Enhanced Services 
Table 16 – Information highway services – level of interest 
Table 17 – What is the service worth to you? 
Table 18 – Interactive services, subscribers will pay for 
Table 19 – What does it mean? (DSL, 1Gb/s, DWDM) 
Table 20 – DVD household penetration forecasts – 1998-2005 
Table 21 – Growth of network traffic – 1999-2003 
Table 22 – The new bandwidth providers – 2001 overview 
Table 23 – Growth of Network Traffic – 1999-2003 
Table 24 – Access technologies: worldwide market share – 1998; 2002 
Table 25 – Roll-out costs – residential information highway 
Table 26 – World top ten countries for DSL – 2001-2002 
Table 27 – Worldwide DSL lines by region – 2002 
Table 28 – DSL subscribers by operator – mid-2001 
Table 29 – Regional breakdown DSL broadband deployment figures – 2001 
Table 30 – Cable telephony subscribers – 2002 
Table 31 – Cable modems in OECD – 1999-2001 
Table 32 – Cable modem forecasts – 1996; 2005 
Table 33 – Regional overview – 2000 
Table 34 – Broadband subscribers by country– June 2002 
Table 35 – LMDS bundling market opportunities 
Table 36 – Value of satellite ISP link marketplace – 1998-2001; 2006 
Table 37 – Total value of the IP over satellite market – 1998-2000 
Table 38 – Global capacity of transponders – 1997; 1999; 2002 
Table 39 – Revenue predictions – 1998-2005